antenna-theory.com

Is it outside the -20 to +20 deg range that you see issues?

Yes there are limitations for scanning the beam. There are two issues, the grating lobe that can happen if your element spacing is large ...

The formula looks alright, but please note that in the formula theta is the angle between the beam peak and the line where your elements are placed on. If your theta is relative to braodside (normal t ...

He gives the dimensions for what he says was the first prototype for the 18dBi on his youtube channel:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TanbyHBKrvU

Can you run a simulation for it? The gain does ...

I don't think the maximum radiated power will give you the gain of the antenna. The VNA calibration is to account for cables, connectors, etc..

To find the gain for your antenna, you need to measu ...

Thank you for clarifying. I realize there is legitimate reports of hearing ANY sound. However, the legitimate research on consistently and clearly hearing intelligible words/music does not exist any m ...

The research on the Microwave auditory effect (as in hearing actual intelligible words) seems questionable and not convincing and does not seem to come from physicists or engineers and can't be even c ...

How do you know you are not getting the correct answer?

If you have pattern values at every degree, you can use this for Directivity (in dBi):

https://www.wolframalpha.com/input/?i=10log10(4*180 ...

When you are measuring your antenna gain in an anechoic chamber, VSWR matters because the power that gets reflected back at the antenna terminal won't be picked up by the probe (realized gain is what ...